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1. ÇÊÅÍÀÇ ±â´É/ È¿°ú
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1) ÇÊÅ͸¦ ÅëÇÑ ÇÈÀÇ °¨¼Ò·Î û°¢¿Ö°î °³¼±
û·Âµµ»óÀÇ peak°ú Valley¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼Ò¸®Â÷´Ü(masking)
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2) ÇÊÅÍÀÇ Á߿伺: û°¢¼¼Æ÷ º¸È£
ÇÈ¿¡ ÀÇÇÏ¿© ƯÁ¤ ÁÖÆļöÀÇ ¼Ò¸®¿¡ °ú¹ÎÇÑ °æ¿ì, ÇØ´ç ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ÀÎÁ¢ ÁÖÆļöº¸´Ù ¸î ¹è³ª ´õ Å©°Ô µè°Ô µÇ¸é¼ û°¢¿Ö°îÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ »Ó¸¸¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÇØ´ç ÁÖÆļö¸¦ ó¸®ÇÏ´Â ´ÞÆØÀÌ°üÀÇ Ã»°¢¼¼Æ÷´Â °è¼ÓµÇ´Â ¼Ò¸®¾Ð·ÂÀ¸·Î ¼Õ»óÀ» ÀÔ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± û°¢À» ÇÊÅÍ ¼³Á¤¾øÀÌ Ä¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì, ½ÇÁ¦º¸´Ù ¸î ¹è³ª Áõ°¡µÈ ¼Ò¸®¿¡³ÊÁö(¾Ð·Â)°¡ ÇÊÅͼ³Á¤ÀÇ ¿©°ú¾øÀÌ Á÷Á¢ÀûÀ¸·Î °è¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î ÇØ´ç û°¢¼¼Æ÷¸¦ Ä¡°ÔµÇ¸é¼ ÇØ´ç û°¢ û°¢¼¼Æ÷°¡ »óó¸¦ ÀÔ°í û°¢°ú¹Î, û°¢¿Ö°îÀÌ ´õ ½ÉÇØÁú ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
3) ÇÊÅÍÀÇ ±â´É: û°¢ Á¤»óÈ
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4) Ä¡·áÈ¿°ú ¿Ï¼º: È¿°úÀÇ º¸Á¸/ À¯Áö
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5) ÀÓ»ó ÇöÀå°æÇè¿¡¼ ÀÔÁõ
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2. º£¶ó¸£ ¹Ú»ç¿Í ¿¡µ¨½¼ ¹Ú»çÀÇ ³í°í
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1) º£¶ó¸£ ¹Ú»ç ³í°í
ÇÊÅÍ´Â ´ë»óÀÚ°¡ ³Ê¹« Àß µè´Â ÁÖÆļö´Â ÇÊÅ͸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ÀÚ±ØÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÄѼ ¹Î°¨¼ºÀ» °¨¼ÒÇÏ°í, ÇÊÅ͵ÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ¿µ¿ªÀÇ ´ÞÆØÀÌ°üÀ̳ª ³ú´Â °ÇÑ ÀÚ±ØÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¼ û°¢ÀÇ °³¼±À» ¾ß±âÇÑ´Ù. ÇÊÅÍµÈ ÇÈÀÇ ÁÖÆļöµéÀº ÀÚ±ØÀÌ ¾àÇؼ û°¢¿ªÄ¡°¡ °¨¼ÒÇÏ°í, ÇÊÅ͵ÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ÁÖÆļöµéÀº ÀÚ±ØÀÌ º¸´Ù °Çؼ ¾à°£ û°¢¿ªÄ¡°¡ »ó½ÂµÈ´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ±³Àû °í¸¥ û·ÂÇüÀ¸·Î µÈ´Ù.
°ü·Ã ¿ø¹®¡é
Reduction in peaks due to a decrease in stimulation(Guy Berard)
filters are used to dampen those frequencies which the person hears too well,
filtering will reduce sensitivity due to the lack of stimulation to certain areas of the cochlea and/or the brain during the listening sessions,
those area(s) of the cochlea and/or brain which are not filtered receive intense stimulation; and this stimulation causes a slight improvement in hearing.
the peak frequencies are slightly reduced because of a lack of stimulation, and the non-peak frequencies are slightly improved because of stimulation. The end result is a relatively straight line.
2) ¿¡µ¨½¼ ¹Ú»çÀÇ ³í°í
Ãø¸é¾ïÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÇÈÀÇ °¨¼Ò ÀÌ·ÐÀº »ç½Ç»ó ÇÊÅ͸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ÇÈÀÇ °¨¼Ò¿¡ °üÇÑ À§ÀÇ º£¶ó¸£¹Ú»çÀÇ ÀÌ·ÐÀÇ È®Àå¿¡ ÇØ´çµÈ´Ù. ÀÚ±ØµÈ ÀϺΠ´º·±Àº ´Ù¸¥ ´º·±ÀÇ È°¼ºÈ¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÚ±ØµÈ ¿µ¿ªÀÌ ÀڱعÞÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÎÁ¢¿µ¿ªÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÑ´Ù. ÇÊÅÍµÈ ÁÖÆļöµéÀº ´ÞÆØÀÌ°üÀ̳ª ³úÀÇ ¾î¶² ¿µ¿ªÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇÏÁö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ÇÊÅ͵ÇÁö ¾Ê´Â(¹Î°¨ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â) ¿µ¿ªÀº ÀÚ±ØÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¼ ÇÊÅÍµÈ ¿µ¿ªÀ» ¾ïÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °á°úÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ±³Àû °í¸¥ û·ÂÇüÀ¸·Î µÈ´Ù.
°ü·Ã ¿ø¹®¡é
Reduction in peaks due to lateral inhibition(Stephen M. Edelson)
This theory is actually an extension of Berard¡¯s theory of reducing auditory peaks using filters.
stimulated some neurons inhibit the activation of other neurons.
stimulated area inhibits an adjacent area(not stimulated).
Since the filtered frequencies are not stimulating certain portions of the cochlea and/or part(s) of the brain, stimulation of the adjacent, non-sensitive, (non-filtered) areas may be laterally inhibiting, the sensitive filtered area(s).
Thus, sensitive areas are inhibited by the adjacent, non-sensitive areas.
3. ÇÊÅÍ¿ø¸®ÀÇ ÀÔÁõ
ÇÊÅÍ¿ø¸®´Â º£¶ó¸£AITÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚÀÎ ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ º£¶ó¸£¹Ú»ç°¡ 20³â ÀÌ»ó¿¡ °ÉÃÄ, 8,000»ç·Ê ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬±¸, °ËÁõÀ» ÅëÇØ Ã¢¾ÈÇÑ º£¶ó¸£AITÀÇ Çٽɿø¸®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù(ȨÆäÀÌÁö¡æÁ¤º¸¸¶´ç¡æµ¿¿µ»óÀÚ·á¡æ¡°AIT µ¿¿µ»ó¡±/¡°°ø½Ä µ¿¿µ»ó 1¡±ÂüÁ¶). ÇÊÅÍÀÇ Á߿伺Àº º£¶ó¸£¹Ú»ç¿Í º£¶ó¸£AIT ÇÐȸ¿¡¼ °ËÁõ, °øÀÎÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¿¬±¸¿¡¼ ÁöÁöµÇ¾ú°í, Àü ¼¼°èÀÇ º£¶ó¸£AITÄ¡·á»çµéÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦ ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼ ÀÔÁõÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
1) ÇÊÅÍ°ü·Ã ¹ßÃéÀÚ·á 1: (ÇÊÅÍ ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝ) ¡é
Guy Berard: º£¶ó¸£ AITÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ
Stephen M. Edelson:: º£¶ó¸£ AITÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ¿¬±¸ÀÚ ÁßÀÇ ÇÑ»ç¶÷(¸²·£µå¹Ú»ç¿Í °øµ¿¿¬±¸ ´Ù¼ö)
Sally Brockett: ±¹Á¦º£¶ó¸£AITÇÐȸÀå
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ÇÊÅÍ¿ø¸®¿Í ÀýÂ÷´Â Berard ¹Ú»çÀÇ 20³â ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¿¬±¸°æÇè°ú, 8000°Ç ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÀÓ»ó°æÇèÀ» ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ¿Ï¼ºµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. Rimland¿Í Edelson ¹Ú»çÀÇ ¿¬±¸µé¿¡¼µµ ÀÌ ÇÊÅÍÀýÂ÷¸¦ ÁöÁöÇß½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÊÅÍÀýÂ÷´Â º£¶ó¸£AIT °øÀÎÀåÄ¡(Earducator, AudioKinetron)¿¡¸¸ Àû¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °øÀÎÀåÄ¡´Â Earducator, AudioKinetronÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÊÅÍ¿ø¸®¿Í ÀýÂ÷´Â ´Ù¸¥ AIT ÀåÄ¡¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¾î¼´Â ¾È µË´Ï´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÀåÄ¡¿¡µµ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÔÁõÀÌ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
2) ÇÊÅÍ°ü·Ã ¹ßÃéÀÚ·á 2: Edelson & Sally(2003), The Sound Connection 9(3) ¡é
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ÇÊÅÍ°¡ µµ¿òµÇ´Â »óȲ
Edelson¹Ú»ç¿Í Sally´Â ÇÊÅÍ»ç¿ë ¿©ºÎ¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ´ë»óÀÚÀÇ AIT À½¾Çµè±â Àγ»·Â¿¡ »ó´çÇÑ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Edelson ¹Ú»çÀÇ °æÇè»ç·Ê:
2000/ 8000HzÇÊÅÍ ´ë»ó ¾Æµ¿¿¡°Ô 2000/ 8000HzÇÊÅ͸¦ ¼³Á¤ÇÏ¿© º£¶ó¸£AITÄ¡·á¸¦ ÇÏ´Â Áß¿¡ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ½ºÀ§Ä¡°¡ ²¨Á®¹ö·È´Ù. ´ë»óÀÚ´Â ÇÊÅ;ø´Â À½¾ÇÀÌ µé·ÁÁö´Â ¼ø°£ °ð¹Ù·Î â¹éÇØÁö°í ¸Þ½º²¨¿òÀ» È£¼ÒÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´Ù½Ã ÇÊÅͽºÀ§Ä¡¸¦ ÄÑ´Â Áï½Ã Æí¾ÈÇØÁ³°í, ½ÅüÀû °íÅë¾øÀÌ À½¾ÇÀ» µè°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
Sally Brockett °æÇè»ç·Ê:
û°¢°Ë»ç°á°ú ÇÊÅͱîÁö´Â ÇÊ¿ä¾ø´Â ¾Æµ¿À̾ú´Ù. 4,000Hz¿¡ ÇÈÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸ ÇÈÀÇ Å©±â°¡ ÇÊÅÍ Á¶°Ç¿¡´Â ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¸øÇÏ¿´´Ù. ù 2ÀÏ µ¿¾È º¼·ýÀÌ »ó´çÈ÷ ³·Àºµ¥µµ °è¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î À½¾Ç¿¡ ºÒÆòÀ» ÇÏ¿´´Ù. 1dB¸¸ º¼·ýÀ» ³ô¿©µµ ¸¹Àº ºÒÆòÀ» ÇÏ¿´´Ù, 3ÀÏ° ¾Æħ¿¡µµ ¾Æµ¿Àº ¿©ÀüÈ÷ À½¾ÇÀ» Àß ¼ö¿ëÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. Sally´Â ÇÊÅÍ°¡ ÁߴܵǾúÀ» ¶§ °íÅëÀ» ´À²¼´ø Steve(Edelson ¹Ú»ç)ÀÇ °æÇèÀÌ »ý°¢³ª¼, ÇÊÅÍÁØ°Å¿¡ ¸ÂÁö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ ÀÌ ¾Æµ¿¿¡°Ô 4,000Hz¿¡ ÇÊÅ͸¦ Àû¿ëÇß´Ù. ÇÊÅ͹öÆ°À» Ä×À» ¶§, ÀÌ ¾Æµ¿Àº »ç½ÇÀ» ¸ô¶ú´Âµ¥µµ ºÒ±¸ÇÏ°í, Áï°¢ ¡°Áö±Ý »óÅ°¡ À½¾Çµè±â ÈξÀ ÁÁ´Ù¡±¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ÀÌ ¾Æµ¿Àº 4,000Hz¿¡ ÇÊÅÍÇÑ »óÅ·Π³¡±îÁö Ä¡·á¸¦ ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´°í »ó´çÈ÷ ÇູÇØÁ³´Ù.
ÀÌ»óÀÇ µÎ °æÇè»ç·Ê¿Í À¯»çÇÑ Ãß°¡Àû °æÇè ÈÄ¿¡, Sally¿Í EdelsonÀº ÀϺΠ»ç·Ê¿¡¼´Â ÇÊÅÍÁØ°Å¿¡ ºÎÇÕÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ´ë»óÀÚ°¡ À½¾ÇÀ» º¸´Ù Æí¾ÈÇÏ°Ô ¼ö¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ÇÊÅÍÀû¿ëÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ´Ü, û°¢»óÅ°¡ ÇÊÅÍÁØ°Å¿¡ ¸ÂÁö¾Ê´Â °æ¿ìÀÇ ÇÊÅÍ´Â ´ë»óÀÚ°¡ ÇÊÅ;øÀÌ´Â À½¾Ç Àγ»¿¡ ºÐ¸íÇÏ°í »ó´çÇÑ ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¶§¸¸ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.......
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